CSS Border
In this chapter, we will speak about borders and how we can give styles to them. We can give width, style, and color to the border.
Example of the border property:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title of the document</title>
</head>
<body>
<p style="border:3px dotted #1c87c9"> Example with a blue dotted border.</p>
<p style="border:3px dashed #ffff00"> Exaxmple with a yellow dashed border.</p>
<p style="border:3px solid #8ebf42"> Example with a green solid border.</p>
</body>
</html>Result
Border Width¶
The border-width property sets the width of a border.
The width can be specified in pixels. It can also be specified by one of the three pre-defined values: medium, thin, or thick.
You cannot use the "border-width" property alone. It will not work. Use "border-style" for setting the borders first.
Example of the border-width property:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
p.border-width-1 {
border-style: solid;
border-width: 6px;
}
p.border-width-2 {
border-style: dotted;
border-width: 1px;
}
p.border-width-3 {
border-style: dotted;
border-width: medium;
}
p.border-width-4 {
border-style: double;
border-width: 8px;
}
p.border-width-5 {
border-style: double;
border-width: thick;
}
p.border-width-6 {
border-style: solid;
border-width: 3px 12px 6px 18px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h2>The border-width Property</h2>
<p class="border-width-1">Example with border-width.</p>
<p class="border-width-2">Example with border-width.</p>
<p class="border-width-3">Example with border-width.</p>
<p class="border-width-4">Example with border-width.</p>
<p class="border-width-5">Example with border-width.</p>
<p class="border-width-6">Example with border-width.</p>
</body>
</html>Border Color¶
The border-color property is used to set the color of a border. The color can be set by:
- name - specifies a color name, like "red"
- RGB - specifies a RGB value, like "rgb(255,0,0)"
- Hex - specifies a hex value, like "#ff0000"
You cannot use the "border-color" property alone. It will not work. Use "border-style" for setting the borders first.
Usually, we write these three properties together in one row.
Example of the border-color property:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
p.color-one {
border-style: solid;
border-color: blue;
}
p.color-two {
border-style: dotted;
border-color: yellow;
}
p.color-three {
border-style: solid;
border-color: DarkBlue orange green red;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h2>The border-color Property</h2>
<p class="color-one">Example with blue solid border-color.</p>
<p class="color-two">Example with yellow dotted border-color.</p>
<p class="color-three">Example with multicolor border-color.</p>
</body>
</html>You can try other examples with our CSS Maker tool.
Border Style¶
The CSS border-style property sets the style of all four sides of an element’s borders. Borders are placed on the top of an element’s background. It can have from one to four values. So, each side can have its value. The default value of border-style is none.
Border-style has the following values:
- dotted
- dashed
- solid
- double
- groove
- ridge
- inset
- outset
Some browsers do not support some styles. Usually, when a style is not supported, the browser draws the border as a solid one.
CSS Border for individual sides¶
CSS provides properties that specify each border (right, left, bottom, and top).
The border-style property can have 4 values, for example, border-style: dotted solid double dashed; where the top border is dotted, the bottom border is double, the right border is solid, and the left border is dashed.
The border-style property can have 3 values, for example, border-style: dotted solid double; where the top border is dotted, the bottom border is double, and the right and left borders are solid.
The border-style property can have 2 values, for example, border-style: dotted solid; where the right and left borders are solid, and the top and bottom borders are dotted. And, of course, this property can have only 1 value, for example, border-style: solid; where all the sides are solid.
Example of the border properties for individual sides:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
p {
border-top-style: double;
border-right-style: solid;
border-bottom-style: dotted;
border-left-style: groove;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p>Example with border individual sides.</p>
</body>
</html>CSS border as a shorthand property¶
The CSS border property is a shorthand property for the following individual border properties:
- The CSS border-width property, which sets the width of all four sides of an element's border.
- The CSS border-style property, which sets the style of all four sides of an element’s borders.
- The CSS border-color property, which sets the color of all four sides of an element's border.
Example of the border shorthand property:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
p.border-all {
border: 3px solid red;
}
p.border-left {
border-left: 4px solid blue;
background-color: #dcdcdc;
}
p.border-top {
border-top: 6px solid green;
background-color: #dcdcdc;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h2>The border Shorthand Property</h2>
<p class="border-all">Example with a shorthand property for border-width, border-style, and border-color.</p>
<p class="border-left">Example with a shorthand property for border-left-width, border-left-style, and border-left-color.</p>
<p class="border-top">Example with a shorthand property for border-top-width, border-top-style, and border-top-color.</p>
</body>
</html>Rounded borders¶
Using the CSS border-radius property, you can add rounded borders to an element.
Example of the border-radius property:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
p.normal {
border: 3px solid blue;
}
p.round-one {
border: 3px solid blue;
border-radius: 6px;
}
p.round-two {
border: 3px solid blue;
border-radius: 9px;
}
p.round-three {
border: 3px solid blue;
border-radius: 15px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h2>The border-radius Property</h2>
<p class="normal">Example with normal border</p>
<p class="round-one">Example with round border</p>
<p class="round-two">Example with rounder border</p>
<p class="round-three">Example with roundest border</p>
</body>
</html>The difference between borders and outlines¶
Outlines and borders are usually confusing because they are very similar. But there are differences between these two:
- Outlines are drawn outside of the content of an element, so they don’t take up space.
- Outlines usually are rectangular, although they don’t have to be.
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