JavaScript Operators

JavaScript Operators Explained

JavaScript operators are symbols that perform operations on variables and values. They can be categorized into different types:

1. Arithmetic Operators 🧮

Used for basic mathematical operations.

Operator	Description	Example	Result
+	Addition	5 + 3	8
-	Subtraction	10 - 4	6
*	Multiplication	6 * 2	12
/	Division	10 / 2	5
%	Modulus (Remainder)	10 % 3	1
**	Exponentiation	2 ** 3	8
++	Increment	let x = 5; x++	6
--	Decrement	let y = 8; y--	7

2. Assignment Operators 📝

Used to assign values to variables.

Operator	Example	Equivalent To
=	x = 10	x = 10
+=	x += 5	x = x + 5
-=	x -= 2	x = x - 2
*=	x *= 3	x = x * 3
/=	x /= 2	x = x / 2
%=	x %= 3	x = x % 3
**=	x **= 2	x = x ** 2

3. Comparison Operators 🔍

Used to compare two values and return true or false.

Operator	Description	Example	Result
==	Equal to	5 == '5'	true
===	Strict equal (type & value)	5 === '5'	false
!=	Not equal	10 != 5	true
!==	Strict not equal	10 !== '10'	true
>	Greater than	10 > 5	true
<	Less than	4 < 7	true
>=	Greater than or equal to	10 >= 10	true
<=	Less than or equal to	6 <= 3	false

4. Logical Operators 🤔

Used to combine multiple conditions.

Operator	Description	Example	Result
&&	AND (both must be true)	true && false	false
`		`	OR (at least one must be true)
!	NOT (reverses value)	!true	false

5. Bitwise Operators 🖥️

Perform bitwise operations on numbers.

Operator	Description	Example (5 & 1)	Result
&	AND	5 & 1	1
`	`	OR	`5
^	XOR	5 ^ 1	4
~	NOT	~5	-6
<<	Left Shift	5 << 1	10
>>	Right Shift	5 >> 1	2

6. Ternary Operator (Conditional Operator) 🎭

Shorter way to write an if-else statement.

let age = 18;
let status = (age >= 18) ? "Adult" : "Minor";
console.log(status); // "Adult"

7. Type Operators 🏷️

Used to check the type of a variable.

Operator	Description	Example	Result
typeof	Returns variable type	typeof "Hello"	"string"
instanceof	Checks if an object is an instance of a class	obj instanceof Object	true

8. Spread and Rest Operators (...) 📌

Spread (...) – Expands elements

let numbers = [1, 2, 3];
let newNumbers = [...numbers, 4, 5]; 
console.log(newNumbers); // [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

Rest (...) – Collects remaining values into an array

function sum(...values) {
    return values.reduce((a, b) => a + b, 0);
}
console.log(sum(1, 2, 3, 4)); // 10

Conclusion

JavaScript operators are fundamental for performing operations on values.

• ✅ Arithmetic (+, -, *, /, %, ++, --)
• ✅ Assignment (=, +=, -=, *=, /=, %=)
• ✅ Comparison (==, ===, !=, !==, >, <, >=, <=)
• ✅ Logical (&&, ||, !)
• ✅ Ternary (condition ? trueValue : falseValue)
• ✅ Spread & Rest (...)

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